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Giardiasis-introduction

Giardia is an infection of the intestine caused by a protozoan. It is usually asymptomatic in humans but may produce abdominal cramps, diarrhea, and nausea. The species that infects humans and causes diarrhea is Giardia lamblia. Giardia kind which may be parasitic in the intestines of vertebrates, including most domestic animals.

What are the main causes of giardiasis?

Giardia is caused by infection by the unicellular parasite Giardia lamblia, also known as Giardia intestinalis or Giardia duodenalis.

It is caused by infection of Giardia intestinalis, which is an intestinal flagellate causing endemic and epidemic in humans.

Giardiasis mat also spread by direct person to person contact, which has caused outbreaks in institutions such as nurseries. Giardiasis May spread, most often eating food contaminated by the unwashed hands of an infected person or by drinking groundwater polluted by the feces of infected animals, as dogs and beavers (hence the nickname "beaver fever"). The cells have a large disk or ventral sucker on their anterior surface, by which they attach to the intestinal mucosa, the infection can spread from person to person by food contamination by fecal material directly or by fecal-oral contamination. Cysts also survive in water, such as in freshwater lakes and streams. Consequently, Giardia is the cause The most common water-borne parasitic diseases in the United States. Domestic mammals (eg dogs, cats, calves) and mammals wild (eg, beavers) can become infected with Giardia; mammals, however, it is not clear how often domestic or wild giardiasis transmitted to humans.

Some other reasons to cause giardiasis:

Give anything by mouth that has touched the stool of a person or animal with giardiasis

Swallowing water (like a swimming pool, lake, river, pond or stream) contaminated water sewage or feces from infected people or animals Giardia.

Eating raw or undercooked food contaminated with cysts of Giardia
Touching and bringing to your mouth cysts picked up from surfaces (such as toys, bathroom fixtures, changing tables, diaper pails) contaminated with feces from an infected person.

Infection is the most common cause:

Viral (eg influenza, HIV, hepatitis, encephalitis herpes simplex, mononucleosis, adenovirus)

Bacterial (eg, pneumonia, endocarditis, tuberculosis, meningitis, pyelonephritis, appendicitis, cholecystitis, cellulitis)

Lyme disease

Malaria

Drug fever:

Often temporally associated with the opening of a new drug often associated with a rash (biopsy reveals vasculitis leukocytoclastic)

Eosinophilia is common

Water is the main source of infection with Giardia. The parasites are found in lakes, ponds, rivers and streams throughout the world, and the municipal water supply, wells, cisterns, pools, water parks and spas. Giardia parasites have even turned in the nasal touch in aquariums and museums.

Giardia parasites can be transmitted through food â € "either because food handlers with giardiasis nâ € ™ t wash their hands or because the crude product is washed or irrigated with contaminated water.

Family members, daycare workers, and others in contact with infected feces in May then become infected.

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